The Alzheimer’s Society in the UK argues that while omega-3 may decrease the risk of developing dementia, the research on omega-3 in fish oils is “contradictory.” They need more evidence before they can rule in omega-3’s favor.
Omega-3 and dementia
It is often said that fish is 'brain food', and you may have read the speculation that omega-3 in the diet can help reduce your risk of dementia by improving heart and brain health.
It is often said that that fish is 'brain food', and you may have read the speculation that omega-3 in the diet can help reduce your risk of dementia by improving heart and brain health.
There is good evidence that eating fish, which contains omega-3, is good for your health. There have been reports that it may reduce the risk of developing dementia, especially when it is eaten as part of a healthy diet. However, there isn't very strong evidence that omega-3 itself is behind this benefit.
What is Omega-3? Why might it be good for our brains?
Omega-3 is a kind of fat found in cell membranes (the protective 'skin' that surrounds cells). It is made in our bodies, but very slowly, so we mostly get it from our diet. Oily fish, for example mackerel, tuna, herring, and salmon, have especially high levels of omega-3.
Omega-3 is important for our brain throughout life, from early cognitive development in foetuses to learning and memory in adults. Brain cells with high levels of omega-3 in their membranes are thought to be better at communicating with other cells, an important process for brain function.
When omega-3 is taken up by the body, some of it is broken down into other molecules that have important roles in the brain. Some are found to reduce the body's immune response, while others are thought to be involved in protecting cells from a harmful process called oxidative stress. Research has indicated that the immune response and oxidative stress in the brain may contribute towards the development of Alzheimer's disease.
