Feb. 7, 2014
What are Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids, commonly found in fish oil, have been shown to benefit conditions ranging from heart disease to dry eye. Two of the most frequently studied omega-3 fatty acids are docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Animal experiments support a role of DHA in retinal health. What about it’s role in glaucoma?
Evidence that Omega-3 Fatty Acids Can Be Used To Treat Glaucoma:
When injected into the muscles of rabbits, fish oil (DHA and EPA) was shown to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP)1. As we wouldn’t be injecting omega-3 fatty acids into our muscles, other studies have looked at dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids in laboratory animals. In mice, at least, a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids was shown to lower IOP by making it easier for fluid to exit the eye.2
In humans the benefit of omega-3 fatty acids is less clear. At least in combination with Vitamins B and E, DHA has been shown to improve visual fields and retinal sensitivity in patients with glaucoma.3
Potential Side Effects and Risks of Omega-3 Fatty Acids
The most commonly experienced side effects of oral supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids are “fishy burps”, gastrointestinal distress (stomach upset), and blood thinning. Many omega-3 supplements are now “enteric coated” in order to decrease the risk of the first two annoying side effects. Taking these supplements with meals or storing them in the freezer also helps. With regard to blood thinning, it is important to consult one’s primary doctor (internist or family physician) if already taking blood thinners. For those who are not already taking blood thinners there is very little risk of excess bleeding associated with oral dosages of 4,000mg or less per day.
